HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is a worldwide web language used to create and build internet web pages.HTML 5 is the latest version of HTML, which explains why they are also used together. It was published in 2012 and can support any web page on the internet.
We will cover some of the most common questions in HTML and HTML5 interviews to help you prepare well for your upcoming interview and increase your chances of landing your dream job. Take a look at the following questions:
1. Tell Us More About HTML5?
HTML 5 is the latest version of the renowned HTML language, fully defined as Hypertext Markup Language. It is used to build variable web pages on the internet, which explains its popularity. It comes with several standard features that mirror CSS, HTML, DOM, and JavaScript. This new version eliminates the need for external plugins and comes with a range of other advantages, such as improved error handling and scripting replacement. It is also worth mentioning that this language is device-independent.
2. How Does HTML5 Improve User Interaction?
HTML5 has several updated features that influence how users interact with the requisite documents. They can add new attributes and parsing rules for improved flexibility when creating web pages. It further allows online editing and supports (Web SQL), which is one of the most common standards used to store data in different SQL databases. Lastly, it ensures that users enjoy or experience Protocol and MIME handler registration.
3. Explain The Difference Between HTML And HTML5
There are several differences between these two languages. First, HTML5 enjoys an improved video and audio support level, while HTML cannot yield high-level video and audio support. The latter supports SVG, Canvas, and an array of other virtual vector graphics, while for HTML, one has to use a third-party library such as VML to implement vector graphics. SVG and MathML can also exist in text in HTML5, which cannot happen in HTML. Users have reported that HTML5 is more friendly than its counterpart and allows a drag and drop effect, which is impossible on HTML. Lastly, the improved version of HTML supports JavaScript LR, which runs in the background while HTML does not recognize or support JavaScript. (You can also mention that HTML5 allows users to draw different shapes such as circles and rectangles, which is not possible on HTML)
4. Can You Tell Us More About <!DOCTYPE>
<!DOCTYPE> is a common declaration that everybody familiar with HTML5 should know. It directs the web browser to go through and understand the information scheduled for display. It is generally short, especially in HTML5. Make sure that you observe the right spelling as it is case-sensitive. Also, this declaration is found at the top of every HTML page. Supported examples include <!do type html>, <!dOCtye html> and <DocTYpe html>. Lastly, there are three main categories: strict, transitional, and frameset doctypes.
5. Explain What HTML Entities Are
Any HTML user or programmer has definitely come across HTML entities. These permit the use of rare and reserved characters such as <,> and / on a given webpage. Each of these reserved characters has respective entity characters that should be used. For example, the entity name and number for > is &g; and > respectively while that of & is & and & respectively. Lastly, the entity name for < is < while the entity number is <. Every HTML developer or enthusiast should understand these listed figures.
6. What Do You Know About The HTML Layout Structure?
It is worth noting that every web page has a defined user interface and an array of components that display the intended or scheduled content. However, you will still find people using other things to give the webpage its structure. These include <aside> referring to the sidebar content of a given page, <nav> which refers to the navigation menu, <header> which keeps the initial information about a webpage, and <footer> referring to the last section of a given page. We must also mention <section>, which defines the basic structure of a given page.
7. How Will You Advise A Fellow Employee Seeking To Optimize Loading Of Website Assets?
The easiest way of optimizing a website’s load time is to optimize its asset loading functionality, which calls for several procedures such as file compression to reduce the size of an asset and subsequent data transfer, lazy loading, which only retrieves the not-so-important assets where required and file contention, known to minimize the number of HTTP calls. Others include parallel downloads used to escape the download limit, which stands at six assets per domain, and lastly, minifying scripts, known for reducing the overall size of CSS and js files.
8. Mention The Different Possible Positions Of An HTML Element.
HTML users understand that they have seven position attribute values that come in handy during an HTML element’s positioning. These include static, which has a default value and describes an element’s positioning based on the normal document flow, fixed where the elements are placed in a relative position as the <html> element and initial attribute, which reverts the property to its default value. Other attributes include <inherit>, which, like its name, suggest an element inheriting the parent’s property. Absolute positioning occurs when an element is strategically positioned relative to a parent element. Lastly, we have the relative attribute occurring when the positioning of an element follows the normal document flow.
9. Tell Us Some Of The Ways Of Displaying HTML Elements
There are several ways of displaying HTML elements. These include inline, which displays any block-level element. As the name suggests, the element exists as an inline element whose height and width attribute values are unscathed. We also have the block property, which displays any inline element as a block-level element; none which hides the HTML element; grid which displays an element as a grid container; inline-block known for allowing HTML users or developers to format an element using height and width values and lastly flex which presents the element and container as flexible structures, thanks to the flexbox property.
10. Can You Tell Us When To Use Scripts In The Head Or The Body?
The best moment to use scripts in the head section is during event-triggered functions or a jquery library. On the other hand, one should place a script at the lower end of a body section if it writes content on the page or outside a function. It is also worth mentioning that there are three main points to guide you through these. First, you should place library or event scripts in the head section similar to normal scripts with nothing written on the page unless a performance issue arises. Lastly, rendering scripts should be found at the lower end of the body section.
11. Mention Some Of The Advantages Of HTML5 Over Other Previous Versions?
HTML5 has fast risen in popularity owing to its overbearing advantages. These include multimedia support, the ability to run JavaScript in the background, new semantic and form control tags, and the ability to store offline data thanks to the application cache and SQL databases. Lastly, users can draw an array of shapes that are not supported by previous versions.
12. There Are Different Elements That HTML5 Developers And Enthusiasts Should Be Aware Of. Can You Differentiate Between The SVG And Canvas HTML5 Elements?
There are four main differences between the Canvas HTML5 element and SVG. First, the former consists of pixels and is, therefore, raster-based, while the latter is vector-based and comprises shapes. SVG requires a larger surface, whereas one can use canvas on smaller ones. You can also easily modify SVG using scripts and CSS, while canvas modification only requires scripts. Lastly, the canvas is not as scalable as SVG and cannot, therefore, be printed in high quality or higher resolution.
13. Do You Understand The Concept Of Web Storage In HTML5?
HTML5 supports Web Storage, which retains a given percentage of static data in the browser’s local storage. If you wonder why it helps avoid fetching such data from the server when the need arises. However, note that the size limits differ depending on the type of browsers. The two types of web storage used for local data storage in HTML5 are session and local storage. The former only serves one session while the latter is retained for a longer duration.
14. Define What Microdata Is In HTML5?
Microdata is a combination or group of name-value pairs used to obtain data from different site crawlers and search engines. These groups are normally referred to as items with each name-value pair denoting a property. Different schemas are used to extract Microdata with renowned search engines such as Yandex and Microsoft using schema.org for Microdata extraction.
15. You Have Definitely Used HTML 5 For Forms. Can You Mention Some Of The Provided Input Types
There are different data types granted by HTML5, which further makes it unique from previous versions. These include “date” which allows you to select the date, “week” where you get to pick a week, “month”, “time”, “DateTime” and “DateTime-local” which refers to a date and time combination completely ignoring the timezone. Others include color, placeholder, range, search, number, email, and Tel.
16. Mention The New HTML5 Media Elements Tags
There are five different new tags in HTML5 Media Elements. These include <audio>, <source>, <track>, <embed> and <video>. The first one is used for audio streams, sounds, embedded audio content minus additional plugin and music. The second caters to several media resources such as audio and video found in media elements, while the third is used for subtitles. <embed> applies for external applications or any embedded content, while <video> caters for embedded video content and video streams.
17. Do You Know What Web Workers Are?
Web workers are normally added to handle computationally challenging tasks, making the page more responsive. Therefore, they create parallelism and enhance asynchronous capability. These workers run in the background, commencing separated threads that manage computationally costly tasks. It is worth noting that there are three types of web workers, namely shared, service, and dedicated workers. Dedicated workers are used by a single script, while shared workers have multiple scripts powered by different windows. Lastly, service workers are mainly used for syncing APIs and push notifications since they serve as proxy servers between applications, the network, and the browser.
18. Mention The Different Formatting Tags In HTML5
There are seven new and old formatting tags that any HTML5 user should know. These include marked text, signifying the highlighted texts used for referencing. <marks> tags are used for text highlight. The deleted text formatting tag(<del>) points out the deleted text block while the emphasizes text tag defines an emphasized text. It is represented as <em>. Lastly, we have the superscript, small, subscript, and inserted texts which serve different functions.
19. Do You Know Why Most People Prefer HTML5?
HTML5 comes with increased advantages compared to its counterparts or previous versions. It supports drawing, video, and animation and can embed a video on the webpage relatively faster. You don’t need other complementary software such as Flash.
Other advantages include smarter storage, improved interactions, cleaner cides, and cross-browser support. It also offers legacy support.
20. Please Shed More Light On HTML5 Graphics
HTML5 can support two types of graphics, namely SVG and Canvas. The former are scalable vector graphics used in scalable vector-type drawings and graphs, making the related processes faster and easy. It mostly comes in an XML format.
On the other hand, canvas plays a huge role in web page graphic design by providing various methods for drawing different diagrams such as boxes and circles. A regular canvas measures 300 px X 150 px, which serves as the default canvas pixel size.
21. Do You Think That The Creation Of HTML5 Was A Blessing?
HTML5 is an improved version of HTML, allowing developers or users to develop interactive websites by inserting graphics easily, audio, and video on given web pages. This improved version offers multimedia technology support without relying on third-party plugins. The creation of HTML5 was, therefore, a blessing as it helped people avoid the rigidity of HTML. It came with several important features: browser compatibility and support, client-side database, error handling, geolocation, new multimedia elements, and offline application cache.
HTML5 also supports important APIs such as time media playback, drag, and drop, 2D drawing, and browser history management.
22. Mention Some of the Most Important APIs in HTML5
HTML5 users frequently use a defined number of application programming interfaces such as the command API, history API, Text Track API, Constraint Validation API, Application Cache API, User Interaction, and Data Transfer API. All these interfaces play important roles in HTML5, explaining why they are frequently used.
23. Your Resume and CV Shows That You Have Been in This Field For A Relatively Longer Duration. Can You Mention Some of the Common Abbreviations Associated With HTML and HTML5?
I know several abbreviations that have helped me flourish in this field and fostered effective communication. Url stands for uniform resource locator, while DOM stands for document object model. Other abbreviations are FTP- file transfer protocol, WEFT- Web Embedding Fonts Tool, IP- Internet Protocol, HTTP- Hypertext Transfer Protocol, SQL- Structured Query Language, XML- Extensible Markup Language, and href- hypertext reference. You will not struggle to pass information since several HTML and HTMl5 Users understand these abbreviations and use them in their daily undertakings.
24. Can You Mention Some of the Common Formatting Tags in HTML
HTML has over ten formatting tags that users and developers find useful since they come in handy in general operation. These include <ins> which displays an added text, <del> which shows a strikeout text, <mark> highlighting the text, <sub>, which renders the text a subscript, <small> used to decrease the font size by a unit, <big> which increases the font size by a unit, <sup> which forces a text to become a subscript and <strong> which indicates that a text is important. Other tags include <em> used to italicize the text while stressing the semantics and <I> which italicizes it.
25. How Will You Represent Calculation Results Using HTML?
HTML and HTML5 have several tags performing different functions. You will use the output tag in this case to represent THE calculation’s results. It is worth noting that this tag has several attributes, namely name, form, and form. The first attribute is the name of the output elements, the second a means of defining the output element’s form, while the third sheds more light on the relationship between elements and results.
Conclusion
We have come to the end of our article. These are some of the frequent questions asked in HTML and HTML5 interviews. Ensure that you have a deep understanding of these markup languages to increase your chances of succeeding in your interview. Also, remember to work on your first impression. We wish you all the best.
